Tickets are sold in two classes - First and Second - with most long-distance trains offering a bistro car serving beverages and snacks. Book at www.thalys.com to get a Smoove fare as low as 35.00. Magnificent coastlines, "chocolate box" architecture, and a rich gastronomic heritage make Normandy one of France's most beloved regions. and many more. For those heading directly to Normandy from the airport, you can be in Normandy within 3 hours of stepping out of CDG. All major towns and cities in Normandy are well connected by rail, though keep in mind that buses between smaller towns and villages are infrequent and can be difficult to use. It has under 15,000 inhabitants and is small enough to walk around on foot. No, there is no direct bus from Normandy to Paris. All Ouibus stations are located close to town centres for easy access to public transport. In fact, getting from Paris to Normandy is as easy as an 1-2 hour train ride or a little bit longer drive. We are a group of 5 and I needed to seek feedbacks on our itinerary from late April to 1st week of May, arrives in the morning at CDG airport. Please note, this is not available on all services. These medium and long distance intercity services operate at speeds of up to 240km/h, to more than 500 destinations. How would you suggest we travel ? It is 130m high and gives its name to the surrounding district, part of the Right Bank in the northern section of the city. Book your train tickets to Rouen. France has such a well connected TGV high-speed train system, so you can be whisked to your destination at more than 200 mph (a whole lost faster than if you were Driving in France, trust me). If you arent set on your dates or want some piece of mind, purchase the flexible tickets which can be exchanged or refunded. It also operates international routes including Eurostar and Thalys, as well as the low-cost, long-distance Ouigo services that run on limited routes across France. We plan to visit in early June but I think train schedules are posted only 3 months ahead so I checked a Feb date. 15 Top-Rated Tourist Attractions in France, 29 Top-Rated Tourist Attractions in Paris, 14 Top-Rated Tourist Attractions & Things to Do in Nice, From Paris to Lyon: 3 Best Ways to Get There, From Paris to Mont Saint-Michel: 4 Best Ways to Get There, From Paris to Versailles: 5 Best Ways to Get There, From Paris to Bordeaux: 3 Best Ways to Get There, From Paris to Marseille: 3 Best Ways to Get There, From Paris to Nice: 3 Best Ways to Get There, From Paris to Saint-Tropez: 4 Best Ways to Get There, From Paris to Bruges: Best Ways to Get There, From Paris to Strasbourg: 3 Best Ways to Get There, 11 Top-Rated Things to Do in Paris in Winter, From Paris to the Loire Valley: 4 Best Ways to Get There, Where to Stay in Paris: Best Areas & Hotels, 11 Top-Rated Things to Do in Bay City, MI, 22 Best Places to Visit in the United States, 21 Best Luxury All-Inclusive Resorts in the World. . These printed tickets should be validated before boarding. Rome2rio's Travel Guide series provide vital information for the global traveller. The national COVID-19 helpline number in Normandy is 800 130 000. It is approximately 190.1 km to drive. Some consider the city to have been martyred during Operation Overlord, as the Allies were forced to bomb the city and countryside extensively. The historic city of Marseille is becoming increasingly popular among visitors to France. For most tourists, the Bercy Seine station in the 12th arrondissement is the most convenient. In Normandy, there's so much to see over a large area that I'd recommend basing yourself in a city for a couple nights to take day trips, then moving to another city. The riverfront area is very picturesque and the historic center is a very pretty area with cute shops and great restaurants. Rome2rio displays up to date schedules, route maps, journey times and estimated fares from relevant transport operators, ensuring you can make an informed decision about which option will suit you best. Hotel Le Dauphin has a terrific location near the Chateau de Caen, in the historic city center. . Six Flags Great Adventure is an amusement park located in Jackson, New Jersey, owned by Six Flags Entertainment Corp. Haven't done the leg work on the maps, but from experience I can tell you that Normandy will be a 2hour train trip, or about 2.5 hours drive, depending where you want to go. (40 miles away from Paris) anyway. There are a few smaller airports in Normandy if you are determined to fly directly into the region. ( 55) from 159. The quaint medieval town of Rouen, renowned for its glorious Gothic cathedral and picturesque half-timbered houses, is less than a two-hour train ride or 90-minute drive from Caen. From the famed TGVs to no-frills Ouigo, we explain which SNCF train to choose and how to book. What companies run services between Normandy, France and Paris, France? These are the two historic cities nearest to the Normandy beaches. There are many car rental places at the Gare Saint-Lazare and the Gare Montparnasse in Paris. Price: $435 per person - charming 3-star Hotel ($542 with 2nd Class Rail, $584 with 1st Class Rail).Add $155 for a Mont Saint Michel visit on day two. Paris to Normandy bus services, operated by FlixBus, depart from Paris La Dfense station. One of the worlds most fashionable cities, Paris is a hub for culture, exquisite food and wine, architecture and art. There are 4 ways to get from Normandy to Auvers-sur-Oise by train, bus or car. Caen is about 150 miles from Paris. Compare your options: plane, train, bus, car, ferry, bike share, driving and walking directions all in one search. Paris-Alenon:2 hours 30. Paris Beauvais airport is also less than an hours drive from Normandy and has flights from Dublin, Shannon and Glasgow; note that Beauvais is NOT close to Paris, so if you want to go directly look into renting a car and bypassing Paris altogether. The best way to get from Paris to Normandy is to bus which takes 3h 20m and costs 11 - 18. Travel Onboard an Iconic Train. If you are staying outside the center of Paris, then you might consider departing from another station. The average train between Paris and Normandy takes 2h 37m and the fastest train takes 2h 24m. Paris to Normandy train services, operated by SNCF, depart from Paris St Lazare station. Cruising on the Seine River from Paris to Rouen, Paris to Normandy Day Trips: Vernon & Auvers-sur-Oise, Visiting the Normandy Cemeteryin Remembrance of D-Day, Hello your site is very informative. There are also excellent tours of the D-Day landing beaches that depart from Bayeaux. Instant confirmation. The journey, including transfers, takes approximately 3h 32m. If your credit card has a chip, you can use the ticket machine. Find all the transport options for your trip from Normandy to Paris right here. Trains leave Paris for Normandy every 2 hours. Yes, the driving distance between Paris to Normandy is 190 km. 2. It is definitely worth spending time in Bayeaux to discover its quaint old town and to see the UNESCO-listed Bayeux Tapestry at the Bayeux Museum. During World War II, it was in Bayeux that Charles de Gaulle made his famous speech proclaiming Frances allegiance to the Allies. Trains will run at 250 km/h (155 mph) with a new TGV station serving Rouen. Knowledgable guides share interesting information that helps visitors understand the D-Day landing sites; their commentary also provides context during visits to museums and military memorials. Both are easily accessible by train from Paris but the one way train ride takes roughly 2.5 hours. Bus travel time to Paris is 2,5-3 hours. Bonjour! If you book 30 days in advance, tickets will cost around US$29, while the price is around US$53 if you book 7 days in advance. Normandy is a region, so you need to pick an arrival town for your train ticket. First take the train from Paris into Bayeux or Caen. Normanby is located in Normandy France some 213 miles (343 kilometers) northwest of Paris. Because there is so much to see, the tour departs early (at 7am). The railway network consists of about 32,000km in total, of which 1800km are high-speed lines and 14,500km are electrified. Small Group Normandy D-Day Battlefields & Landing Beaches Day Trip From Paris. - to help you get the most out of your next trip. Prices start at 87 per night. It's well over 300 miles. TGV trains leave from Paris Gare Saint Lazare several times a day to many towns and cities in Normandy. Exceptions may apply, for full details: European Union. Tickets cost 12 - 16 and the journey takes 3h 15m. The most popular travel companies which . Here is what you need to know to get to Normandy: I almost always advise people to take the train when choosing a transportation option in France. Montmartre is primarily known for its artistic history, the white-domed Basilica of the Sacr-Cur on its summit, and as a nightclub district. Will Coronavirus (COVID-19) affect my travel to Normandy? From below, it's an impressive sight; from above . The route from Paris Bercy Seine station to Caen takes three hours and 30 minutes. Gain fascinating insights from your guide into the sacrifices of Allied soldiers and the French citizens they liberated. Domestic travel is not restricted, but some conditions may apply. See Omaha Beach, Pointe du Hoc and other important D-Day sites, as well as a guided tour of Mmorial de Caen. You would be better served with a rental car. Despite being a motorway toll bridge, there is a footpath as well as a narrow cycle lane in each direction allowing pedestrians and cyclists to cross the bridge free of charge. Both are easily accessible by train from Paris but the one way train ride takes roughly 2.5 hours. The region is not well-served by the high-speed French trains called TGV (Train Grande Vitesse) that exceed 200 miles per hour. The cheapest tickets we've found for trains from Paris to Mont St Michel are US$29.28. That being said, while exploring Normandys rural areas is probably best done by car, it may be a good idea to first take a train from Paris to one of the towns or cities in Normandy and then pick up your wheels from there. The tour covers Omaha Beach; Pointe du Hoc; the American Cemetery; the Muse du Dbarquement; and the village of Sainte-Mre-glise, which was the first town to be liberated in Normandy. Distance from Paris. ', 'Should I book online before I travel? I guess this is why you are seeing tours that do both are 2-day tours. The tour includes round-trip transportation by luxury coach (with air-conditioning) and free time for lunch or refreshments on your own at Arromanches. After Reims, it is also the second largest subprefecture in France. The train station at CDG has direct connections to Arras, the starting point of the route. Paris to Normandy train services, operated by SNCF, depart from Paris St Lazare station. In Caen, there are a ton of rental car offices to choose from. Paris-Caen: 1 hour 45. Select an option below to see step-by-step directions and to compare ticket prices and travel times in Rome2rio's travel planner. Train or bus from Paris to Normandy? Alternatively, you can train, which costs 28 - 65 and takes 3h 28m. Many thanks Alternatively, FlixBus operates a bus from Le Havre to Paris La Dfense every 4 hours. 6 Distance from Lower Normandy to Paris; 7 Day Trips from Paris: Things to Do in Normandy; 8 How to get from Paris to Normandy by train, bus, rideshare or car; 9 Normandy D-Day Tour from Paris; 10 How to Plan a 2-day Normandy Itinerary from Paris to Bayeux; 11 Top Places You Should Stop on a Paris to Normandy Road Trip Amtrak is a rail service that connects the US and three Canadian provinces. . ." read more. With the 75th anniversary of D Day approaching, its a momentous time to visit the World War II memorial sites in Normandy. Am I allowed to travel from Normandy to Paris? Take a trip up the world-renowned Eiffel Tower, visit the Mona Lisa at the famed Louvre museum, spend a day wandering around the Muse dOrsay, and revel in the wonders of Notre Dame Cathedral. It's so helpful to visit with a knowledgable guide so . Prices tend to rise for European train tickets the closer you get to the travel dates. Normandy to Paris bus services, operated by FlixBus, depart from Le Havre station. Travelers heading to Normandy from Paris take the TGV (sncf.com . Driving time from Paris to Bayeux is over three hours depending on the route you take. By booking ahead, the guide will meet you at the train station in Normandy and care of all the logistics to getting around Normandy. Handpick Your Hotels, Sightseeing, Restaurants, and More. It takes approximately 3h 16m to get from Paris to Normandy, including transfers. First take the train from Paris into Bayeux or Caen. Normandy to Paris train services, operated by SNCF, arrive at Paris St Lazare station. Founded in 1971, it is based in Washington, D.C. and offers four classes of travel: First Class, Sleeper, Business and Coach. Rental cars are available at Charles de Gaulle Airport and at various car rental agencies in Paris. Tourists can either rent a car and visit the sights independently or take a guided tour. Wearing a face mask on public transport in Paris is recommended. A direct train from the Gare Saint-Lazare station takes two hours and 20 minutes to arrive in Bayeaux. The train ride from Paris to Deauville takes about two hours, 15 minutes. Assuming that you mean the small part of Normandy that is near the invasion beaches, you can easily take a train from Vernon (the closest to Giverny) to Caen with a change in Rouen. It is situated on the right bank of the estuary of the river Seine on the Channel southwest of the Pays de Caux. The journey time between Paris and Normandy is around 3h 16m and covers a distance of around 231 km. Rome2rio displays up to date schedules, route maps, journey times and estimated fares from relevant transport operators, ensuring you can make an informed decision about which option will suit you best. It is named after James P. Allaire, founder of the Howell Works at the same site. Copyright 2023 PlanetWare Inc. All rights reserved. It was designed by Atelier LWD, an architecture studio led by Guy Lagneau, Michel Weill and Jean Dimitrijevic. 1. Make yourself known to an official member of staff and/or call the national coronavirus helpline number on 800 130 000. Rome2rio uses cookies to help personalize content and show you personalised ads. Blablabus also services this route twice daily. For the most rewarding experience, an organized tour is recommended. Amenities include Wi-Fi, a quiet car, cafe and business-class seating, and travelling with a small dog or cat is permitted. You can now exchange your OUIGO tickets on SNCF Connect ( change dates, times or routes) Find out more. There are currently travel restrictions within France. Passengers arrive at the Trouville-Deauville train station in the middle of Deauville, just by the marina. The town of Arromanches-les-Bains has many casual dining options within walking distance of the Muse du Dbarquement, including a few seafood restaurants, a crperie, an ice-cream shop, and a boulangerie-ptisserie that sells delicious pastries. If speed is a priority, then a train is the best option with an average duration of 2 h 19 min; whereas, if saving money is more important, then a bus is the best option with prices starting as low as $2 (2). A professional tour guide will take you to Utah Beach, the Pointe du Hoc, and Omaha Beach, along the way explaining the historical details of D-Day. There are 184+ hotels available in Normandy Beach. Departure Time: Before 7:00 a.m. Rouen is located 126 km northwest of Paris. SNCF trains to Deauville leave twice a day from Paris Gare Saint Lazare, one of the busiest train stations in Europe. Group Size: 8 person maximum Availability: Tours run 7 days a week, year-round except . Amtrak trains are known for their wide seats, plug-in power, big windows and storage capabilities. The sharp increase in population from 2000 to 2010 was led by increases in the township's Orthodox Jewish and Latino communities. Paris is a walkable city and you can also travel around the city and surrounding areas via the metro, bus, and taxis. A town that is as charming, thriving and sunny as its name suggests. From Paris, it's a one-hour drive to Arromanches, where the Muse du Dbarquement is located overlooking the remnants of an artificial harbor built for the Allied invasion. Tapestry Museum visitor information: Hours: March 1 - Oct 31: 9 am to 6:30 pm (May to Aug 7 pm) Nov 1 - Feb 28: 9:30 am to 12:30 pm and 2 pm to 6 pm. Youll likely have just enough time to see a couple of the main sites briefly. Le Havre is an urban French commune and city in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region of northwestern France. Liz. ', 'How much should I expect to pay? Book at www.voyages-sncf.com (in French) to get a Prem's fare as low as 15.00. Second, visiting the D-Day landing beaches requires a driving itinerary. It has lots of direct train connections to Paris and also lots of car rental options. It is named after Andr Malraux, Minister of Culture when the museum was opened in 1961. Trains run hourly between Magenta and Le Havre. Plantagenet King of England and Crusader Richard the Lionheart is buried in Rouen, the regional capital of modern-day Normandy. A few centuries later, Normandy wavered back and forth between English and French control during the Hundred Years War. Then, travelers transfer to FlixBus or Eurolines FR, which will take them another eight or so hours to Paris city center. Not done that trip by road for a long time. The two closest towns to the Normandy beaches areBayeux andCaen. The journey, including transfers, takes approximately 3h 16m. Normandy Beach is 6h behind Paris. FlixBus operates a bus from Paris Charles de Gaulle to Le Havre 3 times a day. Alternatively, you can take the train to Aroport Charles de Gaulle 2, take the walk to Paris Charles de Gaulle airport, fly to Newark, take the walk to Terminal B, take the AirTrain to Newark Liberty Airport Station, take the walk to Newark Airport Railroad Station, take the train to Long Branch, take the train to Bay Head, then take the taxi to Normandy Beach. All services require a transfer, and take on average 2h 37m. The other, older, church on the hill is Saint Pierre de Montmartre, which claims to be the location at which the Jesuit order of priests was founded. Yes, but conditions apply when entering United States from France. The drive from Paris to Caen takes about 2.5 hours. Also worth exploring is the castle ofWilliam the Conqueror and medieval fortifications. Provins Alternatively, FlixBus operates a bus from Le Havre to Paris La Dfense every 4 hours. It is located on the Atlantic Ocean's Jersey Shore, between Asbury Park to the north and Bradley Beach to the south. Bayeux was virtually untouched during the Battle of Normandy. If you want to go into the city, you can take a taxi (about a 30 minute ride), or you can walk to the RER in Saint Germain (10 minute walk) and take the metro into the city. There are routes from Paris La Dfense in Puteaux (the business district of Paris) and Pont de Levallois station in Courbevoie (eight kilometers from Paris). Rome2rio displays up to date schedules, route maps, journey times and estimated fares from relevant transport operators, ensuring you can make an informed decision about which option will suit you best. Trains run between every 20 and 90 minutes and the ticket costs 8.85 each way, unless you have a . From the airport, take RER Line B for a 30-minute ride to Paris Nord train station. However, there are services departing from Htel de Ville and arriving at Magenta via Le Havre and Haussmann Saint-Lazare. Upgrade to a small-group tour when booking for a more personal . Most people who visit think Caen is ugly in comparison to Bayeux. The township ranked as the seventh-most-populous municipality in the state in 2010 after having been ranked 22nd in 2000. For those coming to Normandy from an international destination, it is probably best to fly into Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris and then hop on the train to Normandy from there. Yes - snacks and drinks may be purchased from the driver. . If you are printing your tickets in France at the train station, make sure to bring the credit card you used to purchase the tickets. From Paris to Normandy by Train. You may have to change at Caen to take a train to Bayeux as not all are direct. Paris to Normandy train services, operated by SNCF, arrive at Le Havre station. To quote our family's favorite tour guide, Rick Steves . The journey takes 1h 15 min to 1h 45min, depending on the train. Le Havre is the most populous commune of Upper Normandy, although the total population of the greater Le Havre conurbation is smaller than that of Rouen. Answer 11 of 11: Bonjour All destination experts. More than anything, it's the uplifting story of June 6th, 1944 that helped free France and end World War II in Europe. Rolling green landscapes, wide sandy beaches with dramatic limestone cliffs and, if course, the D-Day beaches and memorials makeNormandy a great place to visit when in France. Rome2rio's Travel Guide series provide vital information for the global traveller. If you want to get to Fontainebleau from Paris by public transport, take a Transilien train from Gare de Lyon heading towards Migennes, Montargis or Montereau. The railway network consists of about 32,000km in total, of which 1800km are high-speed lines and 14,500km are electrified. Train or bus from Paris to Normandy? How much is the train from Paris to Normandy? The TGV, France's intercity high-speed rail service, takes only two hours to travel from Paris Gare De Lyon to Lyon Part Dieubecause it goes 186 miles (300 kilometers) per hour, which is almost three times as fast as a car would go. Recommended option. Yes - snacks and drinks may be purchased from the driver. If you are taking the train from Paris to Bayeaux and have more time, then it is best to go on a full-day guided tour of the D-Day sites. Find all the transport options for your trip from Normandy to Paris right here. Rome2rio makes travelling from Paris to Normandy Beach easy. Lastly, be sure to visit Paris withtravel insurance. If you want the freedom to explore on your own, there is a Hertz car rental in Bayeux, at the Total gas station outside the city. The closest train station to Mont St. Michel is in Pontorson, located on the Bay of Mont St. Michel, and 9km from the island. Alternatively, SNCF operates a train from Paris St Lazare to Le Havre hourly. Prices start at $100USD per night. I cover how to take the train in more depth, below. Le Havre is an urban French commune and city in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region of northwestern France. The first train leaves Paris at 05:35. Most guided tours to the D Day sights will start early in the morning, around 9 9:30am, so you will need an early train from Paris to Bayeux, or better, arrive in Bayeux the night before. Tour du Mont-Blanc Self Guided Trek - 7 days . Tickets cost 16 - 23 and the journey takes 2h 20m. However, you can take the train to Aroport Charles de Gaulle 2, take the walk to Paris Charles de Gaulle airport, fly to New York JFK, take the walk to Terminal 4, take the tram to Jamaica Station-Station D, take the walk to Sutphin Blvd-Archer Av-JFK Airport, take the subway to 42 St-Port Authority Bus Terminal, take the walk to Port Authority Bus Terminal, take the bus to Brick Twp Park Ride, then take the taxi to Normandy Beach. The Muse d'art moderne Andr Malraux (also known as Muse Malraux and simply MuMa) is a museum in Le Havre, France containing one of the nation's most extensive collections of impressionist paintings. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, Ocean Grove is noted for its abundant examples of Victorian architecture. Take the train from Gare Saint-Lazare in Paris to either Caen or Bayeux. Its also known for its especially friendly people, and best of all its just a short train ride from Paris! How to get there: Take the train from Paris' Gare St. Lazare to Caen, which takes an hour and 45 minutes, or to Bayeux, which is just over two hours away. There are 174+ hotels available in Normandy. By proceeding, you accept the use of cookies in accordance with our, Take the train from Le Havre to Paris St Lazare, Take the rideshare from Le Havre to Paris, Take the train from Le Havre to Versailles-Chantiers, Take the bus from Le Havre to Paris La Dfense. Getting on one of the 130 daily journeys is easy - electronic travel documents include your ticket and a personalised mini-guide with handy information. Book up to 3 months in advance for the cheapest fares. Rome2rio also offers online bookings for selected operators, making reservations easy and straightforward. As the bus subsidiary of French railway SNCF, Ouibus offers eco-friendly coaches serving 35 French cities and 10 European cities at affordable fares. 25 Things I Learned About Life in Cuba (, Gazi Husrev-bey Mosque of Sarajevo, Bosnia, Visiting Normandy Beach in Remembrance of D-Day. One of Europes leading bus companies, Flixbus serves 2000+ destinations in 29 countries, including Germany, France, Italy, Austria, the Netherlands and Croatia and into Scandinavia and eastern Europe, as well as some US cities. For visiting Mont Saint Michel, the closest train station is in Rennes. (The travel time on the very few direct trains is between 2hrs53 and 3hrs05. The Normandy American D-Day Beaches Tour is another full-day tour that departs from the Place de Qubec in Bayeaux. Dont buy from sncf.com if you are in the US, as the website will automatically re-direct you to a US subsidiary that is known to sell only higher priced fares for the US market, and does not allow you to choose your seat class. There are several considerations to keep in mind when deciding how to get to Normandy's WWII sites: First, there is a lot of ground to cover. We are a group of 5 and I needed to seek feedbacks on our itinerary from late April to 1st week of May, arrives in the morning at CDG airport. Tickets cost $29-$55 and the journey takes 2h 17m. Many tourists prefer to take a guided tour of the D-Day sites for a few reasons. It is 151 km from Paris to Normandy. Alternatively, you can bus, which costs $15-$30 and takes 4h 12m. Because Normandy is located so close to Paris, it is definitely not worth flying from Paris to this region of France. Normandy, while about 125 miles from Paris, is still a feasible day trip. Most group tours start early in the morning and end around 6pm, so then you can take the evening train back to Paris and arrive in time for a late dinner, around 9pm. The quickest way to get from Paris to Normandy is to drive which costs 30-50 and takes 1h 53m. There is no direct connection from Paris to Normandy Beach. As of 2018, the municipality had a population of approximately 104,157 residents. Getting to Normandy from Charles de Gaulle Airport. Here people still greatly appreciate the sacrifices made by their family's liberators 75 years earlier. Its beautiful coastline is most famous for the church of Mont Saint Michel, a medieval monastery perched on an island off the shore, and the World War II beachheads where the Allies launched their offensive attack on five beaches for D Day. Add Extra Nights in Any Destination. . For a truly educational visit to Normandy's WWII sites, take the Normandy D-Day Beaches Tour. There are a couple different ticket options. From Paris, this is about a 4 hrs journey with one change in Rennes. These are probably too far to visit from Paris in a day, so we would recommend spending at least a night or two in this part of Normandy. The journey, including transfers, takes approximately 3h 16m. Take a high-speed Thalys train from Amsterdam Centraal to Gare du Nord in Paris. Ticket fares are divided into five subclasses: Saver, Value, Flexible, Business and Premium. Is there a direct train between Paris and Normandy? Beds are comfy, the on site restaurant is pretty good, and there's also tons of nearby restaurants and shops to explore. It takes approximately 3h 21m to get from Normandy to Paris, including transfers. By proceeding, you accept the use of cookies in accordance with our, Take the train from Paris St Lazare to Le Havre, Take the rideshare from Paris to Le Havre, Take the bus from Paris La Dfense to Le Havre, Take the bus from Paris - Pont de Levallois to Le Havre.